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Waterbirth: A Natural Approach to Childbirth

Waterbirth: A Natural Approach to Childbirth

During a waterbirth, you labour in a pool of warm water and may also give birth in the pool. Using water in labour has become popular because of its soothing effects and the benefits many people experience.

Benefits of using water in labour

Pain relief: The warmth and buoyancy of the water can ease contractions and help you relax. Research shows that labouring in water reduces the need for an epidural.

Relaxation: Warm water can help you feel calmer and more in control, which supports the hormones of labour.

Freedom to move: The water supports your weight, making it easier to move and change position as your body guides you.

Fewer interventions: Studies have found that women who use water in labour are less likely to have an episiotomy and report high satisfaction with their birth.

A gentle arrival: Many parents feel that being born into warm water offers their baby a gentle transition into the world.

The practicalities of a waterbirth

Preparation: For a home waterbirth, set up your pool somewhere with plenty of space. Your midwife will want to reach you from at least three sides. Keep essentials such as towels within easy reach. In hospital or a birth centre, ask whether a pool is likely to be available.

When to get in: Many midwives suggest getting into the pool once labour is well established and contractions are regular and strong. Some people find that getting in very early slows things down, so if your contractions ease off, you can always get out, move around and get back in later.

Giving birth in water: Your baby won’t try to breathe until they meet the air. If you give birth in the pool, your baby needs to be born completely underwater and then brought gently to the surface. Your midwife will advise you not to lift your bottom out of the water once the head is born.

After the birth: Your baby is lifted gently out of the water and placed on your chest. The cord is usually left unclamped for a while, often until it stops pulsating.

Birthing the placenta: Most midwives will recommend birthing your placenta “on dry land”, because it is easier to judge blood loss out of the water. If you would like to birth your placenta in the pool, talk to your midwife in advance.

Here are some waterbirth affirmations you might find useful:

  1. “My body is designed for this, and I trust it.”
  2. “With every wave, I feel more relaxed and confident in my ability to birth my baby.”
  3. “As the water holds me, I surrender to the rhythm of labour and welcome my baby with joy.”
  4. “Each breath fills me with strength and peace.”
  5. “I am surrounded by love and support, and I am safe.”
  6. “The warmth of the water eases my body and lets me focus on meeting my baby.”
  7. “With each contraction, I release tension and fear and bring my baby closer.”
  8. “I float, I breathe, I let go.”
  9. “The gentle water reminds me to stay present and connected to my body and my baby.”
  10. “I am strong, I am capable, and I can do this.”

Planning a waterbirth

Start planning early. Talk to your midwife about whether a waterbirth is suitable for you, add it to your birth preferences, and find out about pool availability where you plan to give birth. If you are planning a home birth, look into hiring or buying a birth pool well in advance.

With preparation, support and attention to safety, a waterbirth can be a positive, empowering experience for you and your family.

Note: Always check with your midwife or doctor whether a waterbirth is suitable for you, based on your own health and circumstances.

Online Birth Preparation Course only £35!

Please also check out my online course! No videos, just text and images to learn in your own time. Includes hypnobirthing mp3s, scripts, workbook, handouts, infographics and much more! Lots and lots of information at your fingertips! Includes:

  • hypnobirthing mp3s
  • hypnobirthing scripts
  • written information
  • infographics and other imagery
  • printable handouts
  • printable workbook/journal

Sources and further reading

  • Birthplace in England Collaborative Group (2011) Perinatal and maternal outcomes by planned place of birth for healthy women with low risk pregnancies: the Birthplace in England national prospective cohort study. BMJ 343:d7400.
  • Burns E, Feeley C, Hall PJ, et al. (2022) Systematic review and meta-analysis to examine intrapartum interventions, and maternal and neonatal outcomes following immersion in water during labour and waterbirth. BMJ Open 12:e056517. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-056517
  • Cluett ER, Burns E, Cuthbert A. (2018) Immersion in water during labour and birth. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Issue 5. Art. No.: CD000111. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD000111.pub4
  • Gilbert RE, Tookey PA. (1999) Perinatal mortality and morbidity among babies delivered in water: surveillance study and postal survey. BMJ 319(7208):483–7. doi: 10.1136/bmj.319.7208.483
  • NICE (2023) Intrapartum care. NICE guideline NG235.
  • Ulfsdottir H, Saltvedt S, Georgsson S. (2019) Women’s experiences of waterbirth compared with conventional uncomplicated births. Midwifery 79:102547. doi: 10.1016/j.midw.2019.102547
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Benefits of Waterbirth

benefits of waterbirth

Thanks to its many benefits, waterbirth has become increasingly popular with expectant families in recent years. Let’s explore the benefits, the possible disadvantages and some of the practicalities.

The benefits of waterbirth

  • Contractions feel more comfortable
  • No known side effects for baby or mum
  • The warm water helps you relax
  • Being relaxed helps your body produce more endorphins (natural painkillers)
  • Being relaxed helps your body produce more oxytocin (which makes contractions more effective)
  • Less need for medical pain relief
  • Less need for drugs to speed up labour
  • Shorter labour
  • Added privacy
  • The water supports your weight, so you feel more comfortable and can move and change position more easily
  • You are more likely to have an unassisted vaginal birth
  • A gentler birth for your baby
  • Breastfeeding can start straight away
  • Less tearing, as the water relaxes you and softens the perineum (the area between your vagina and anus)
  • A more enjoyable experience of labour and birth

Comfort measures you can use in or alongside the pool

Comfort measures you CANNOT use in the pool

  • TENS machine – although you can use it until you get into the pool!
  • Epidural
  • Opioids

Possible disadvantages

  • Not suitable for everyone – in some circumstances, using water for labour and birth may not be recommended
  • Not available everywhere – your local birth unit or hospital may have few or no pools
  • Hiring or buying a birth pool for a home birth can be expensive
  • Your home or hot water system may not be suitable for a pool

Buying or hiring a pool for your home birth?

There are many different suppliers and manufacturers. In my 10+ years in the birth world, I’ve found that pools from Birth Pool in a Box get the best reviews. Look out for a local home birth group, as some have free or low-cost pool hire schemes. If you’re buying a birth pool, or have hired or borrowed one and need extra equipment, get 10% off everything at the Birth Pool in a Box shop! (Please note: this is an affiliate link.)

Want a smile? Read my husband’s story of our waterbirth in the kitchen!

Online Birth Preparation Course only £35!

Please also check out my online course! No videos, just text and images to learn in your own time. Includes hypnobirthing mp3s, scripts, workbook, handouts, infographics and much more! Lots and lots of information at your fingertips! Includes:

  • hypnobirthing mp3s
  • hypnobirthing scripts
  • written information
  • infographics and other imagery
  • printable handouts
  • printable workbook/journal

References and further reading:

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Waterbirth at home

waterbirth at home

Are you pregnant and planning a waterbirth at home, but not quite sure how to sell the idea to your partner? Read this light-hearted ‘guide’ to persuading your partner to have a waterbirth at home 😉

My husband wrote about the birth of our second baby for an NCT (National Childbirth Trust) newsletter back in 2011. He wanted to tell the story from the mother’s point of view – so he did!

Persuading the Hubby, part 2: “Waterbirth in the kitchen”

If you read part 1, you may remember the challenge I set myself: persuading a sceptical Mr Hubby of the virtues of reusable nappies. Persuading the hubby can sometimes feel like cycling uphill into a stiff wind – but, just like the equally stiff winds so often encountered at changing time, it can be overcome with a deep breath and a firm resolve! Compared with the reusable nappies, however, my next challenge was a veritable Tour de France of uphill cycling!

The idea quite literally surfaced while we were swimming at the local pool. It was towards the end of my second pregnancy, and I was floating in the water, enjoying the sheer bliss that only a pregnant woman can feel as eight months of pregnancy weight lifts off her feet. Mr Hubby was throwing our youngest into the air, and they were splashing about wildly, filling the air with giggles. Our little one was two now, and he’d come such a long way since his traumatic hospital birth two years earlier. It suddenly struck me how relaxed I felt in the water with my family around me, and I decided there and then that I would bring that feeling of tranquillity to my next birth. “I’m going to have a waterbirth in the kitchen!” I exclaimed. My sudden outburst caught poor Mr Hubby completely off guard, and he froze mid-throw in stunned bewilderment as our little bundle of joy spiralled through the air and hit the water with a resounding splosh! Without the “1-2-3, breathe” they’d been practising at baby swimming, the little mite came up coughing and spluttering. He was absolutely fine, but a lifeguard had already blown his whistle and several youthful pool attendants were diving athletically into the water! By the time we’d towelled off, thanked the lifeguards for their diligence and smiled meekly at the other swimmers (who were looking at us as if we were completely incompetent parents), Mr Hubby had pulled himself together enough to reel off an immeasurably long list of reasons why ‘waterbirth in the kitchen’ was a terrible idea. “Surely giving birth at home will make a right mess?” “What if something goes wrong while you’re in labour at home?” “Where on earth would we get a pool?” “Are you seriously thinking of the kitchen?” “What if you get in and a wave of water goes everywhere?” “Will you cope without pain relief?” “Will it be massively expensive?” And finally: “Could we do it on the cheap with the little one’s paddling pool and our leaky garden hose?!”

Well, I’m all for winning my man round with a bit of frugality, but after some research online and on the NHS website, it soon became clear that the paddling pool and garden hose idea wasn’t going to fly. Birth pools need to be clean, deep enough to immerse your body, and strong enough to take your weight as you hang over the side catching your breath after a contraction. Luckily, I did find ways to avoid forking out gazillions of pounds. First there was the hire option, with pools available from around £80 for five weeks – but in the end I got a second-hand one on eBay, complete with a hose, for just £24. All I needed then was a new pool liner for £25, and my set-up was complete! That came to around £50 in total, but as I pointed out to Mr Hubby (when the postman turned up with an inflatable birth pool under his arm), parking at the hospital last time had cost over £30 – and this time we’d have needed a babysitter for our little tyke as well – so I reckon we made a saving!

Mr Hubby’s other concerns about home birth were addressed by a couple of interesting encounters. The first was with a very kind midwife who visited us at home and reminded us that giving birth is a natural process and that I could trust my body. She promised to bring plenty of gas and air, and added that a home birth would really help her meet her home birth targets. She was so lovely that we could hardly say no! The deal was sealed later that day by the second encounter: a chance conversation over the fence with the elderly lady next door, who told Mr Hubby that in her day kitchen births were quite the norm. After an hour of listening to stories about births in times gone by, Mr Hubby was quite dazed and in no state to argue any further.

Despite my immaculate preparation, there was one thing I forgot – and I strongly advise you not to: a decent pump. My labour started a few days before my due date and, as Mr Hubby will tell you, home birth pools are very, very large. Very large. With his little bike pump, it took a good hour of frantic pumping to inflate the thing, and halfway through – just as he hit his lowest ebb and his right arm was about to drop off – two very stern midwives arrived just in time to whip him back into action. Eventually he crossed the finish line, I stepped into the warm, soothing water, and all my cares drifted away. Mr Hubby was clearly exhausted and looked as though he’d been in labour himself, but before he could even catch his breath, one of the stern midwives spun on her heel and told him, in no uncertain terms, that his next job was to keep the pool within a degree of 36°C – and as it had already dropped to 34, he’d better get cracking! So back and forth across the kitchen he went, carrying saucepans of water out of the pool and topping it up with hot water from the tap. Back and forth he went, nineteen to the dozen, for a good three hours, spurred on by the hawk-like glare of the midwives – which gave me excellent entertainment between contractions. In fact, it struck me that the whole thing was a modern-day version of “Why don’t you go and get some warm towels ready?”, and it kept him nicely occupied for the whole labour.

Before I knew it, my second child was born. The warm water eased my contractions, softened my tender regions and helped me avoid the dreaded stitches. It was such a soothing entry into the world, and I will never forget it. Neither will Mr Hubby – his pumping arm has never been the same since!

Thinking about a waterbirth at home or in hospital? Read more in Benefits of Waterbirth and Waterbirth: A Natural Approach to Childbirth.